Case analysis: music juice

Rocky LU and John Wong, two friends who wanted to build a new Internet venture together, found an interesting concept in Amsterdam that they wanted to import in North America: it was a platform based on scrounging where fans could help their favorite musicians by raising money for them. The two entrepreneurs imported the core business model of the company Jellybean. Com and added a few features to differentiate themselves from the existing competitors.However, once the company was created, several problems occurred: – A new competitor, Clothespin. Net, was launched one month after Injustice, backed by a large campaign. – There were additional costs and delays on the implementation of the website. – Rocky was lacking coding skills and John didn't have any management skills. This resulted in the deterioration of the relationship between the two friends. – Two of the four revenue streams were inefficient, which lead to an insufficiency of venue. Most of the p eople had the opinion that the website presented no interests In conclusion, the fundamental problems were the lack of experience and skills from the two founders, the lack of interest from the website and the insufficient revenues. Given this situation, Musicale had several options to improve its value proposition. For example, it could improve its marketing campaign or offer more possibilities for users on Its website, like voting for his favorite artist or raise money or movies or books.These solutions would help the website to have more users, which is the fundamental element of the concept of scrounging. For my part, I think that they could take advantage from the help of an outsider. For example, they could contact venture capitalist or business angels. With their experience and knowledge, they would give great advices to the two young entrepreneurs. Moreover, It Is an opportunity for Rocky and John to obtain financing for their startups.

Martin King and Henry Thoreau Essay

Martin King and Henry Thoreau both write persuasive expositions that oppose majority ideals and justify their own causes. While this similarity is clear, the two essays, â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail† by King and â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Thoreau, do have their fair share of differences. Primarily in the causes themselves, as King persuades white, southern clergy men that segregation is an evil, unjust law that should be defeated through the agitation of direct protesting, and Thoreau, writing to a more broad, non addressed audience, and focusing more on the government itself, contends that at its present state, with the war with Mexico and the institution of slavery, that one should do as he does and refuse to pay government taxes that support such evil practices or â€Å"traditions.† While both Thoreau and King prevail in establishing a firm impression for what they strongly believe in, they each succeed in their persuasive efforts through different means. Chiefly, in the way that King draws emotional appeal with the usage of a burning passion and devotion, and Thoreau, while still making it evident that he is devoted in what he believes in, draws more emotional appeal through being more distressed and concerned than naively hopeful and optimistic. However, similarities remain to be as numerous as differences as both Thoreau and King bring credibility or ethical appeal to their assays essentially with allusions to Christ and the Bible. First, King’s emotional appeal is what above all contrasts his essay with Thoreau’s. As virtually everything else; the theme of disobeying â€Å"unjust laws†, their admiration for the â€Å"minority’s viewpoint, and even, coincidently, where they wrote their essays – prison, is all the same. King makes two references to conversations shared with his children. Once with his little girl who wants to go to the public amusement park and is quickly developing â€Å"tears in her eyes† as her father has to sadly explain the reality that black children aren’t allowed in â€Å"Funtown.† Promptly once again, King refers to being forced to somehow â€Å"concoct† an acceptable answer to his five year old son’s question – â€Å"why do white people treat colored people so mean?†. King does not stop there with his ability to throw his readers into the harsh emotional realities that he had to face. While answering the same question of â€Å"why we can’t wait† in regards to protesting, King refers to the tragic sadness of how his wife and mother are almost  never granted with the respectable title of â€Å"Mrs† and how his own name has virtually been transformed from â€Å"Martin Luther King† to â€Å"Nigger Boy John† in the heartland of discrimination in the South. The rhetorical use of detail is King’s second element that he takes advantage of to draw such tremendous, but necessary emotional appeal. With his despairing response to the clergy men’s appraisal of the policemen’s ability to maintain â€Å"peace† and â€Å"order† when he asserts with great detail that maybe they wouldn’t be so â€Å"warmly† supportive if they would have been in the streets to witness the police slapping Negro men and boys with â€Å"sticks† and pushing and cursing old Negro women and girls in such a cold-hearted and cruel fashion. Furthermore, King’s account of what the South would be like if blacks sided more with the Black Nationalists than himself brings emotion to all that contemplate his perception of streets â€Å"flowing with blood† during the central time of the otherwise inevitable â€Å"racial nightmare.† Thoreau, on the other hand, never consents to revealing such frightful nightmares and makes only one brief reference to his children. Instead, Thoreau draws emotional appeal through many different techniques in the art of persuasive writing. Most predominantly, with despaired and concerning rhetorical questions such as when he asks about established government’s viewpoint on great men, â€Å"why does it always crucify Christ and excommunicate Copernicus and Luther, and pronounce Washington and Franklin rebels?†. And again when he provokes the question of how men assert their grievances when he asks â€Å"How can a man be satisfied to entertain and opinion merely and enjoy it?†. As stated above, Thoreau and King’s great persuasive similarity is in the way they give their essays ethical appeal. They both repetitiously make use to references of the Bible. King first asserts that he is in Birmingham for the same reason that â€Å"the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the Gospel of Jesus.† Once again, in comparing his â€Å"civil disobedience† to that of Shadrack, Meshack, and Abednego when they refused to obey the worship laws of Nebucadnesser. Finally King affirms to not being offended by the criticism of being called an â€Å"extremist† by the thought of how many great extremists there where in the past, such as â€Å"Abe Lincoln†, â€Å"Martin  Luther†, and â€Å"Jesus Christ.† Thoreau in the very same manner and with many of the same figures, continues with his own set of biblical allusions. He subscribes to the verse of Christ and the Herodians when they ask him about his stance on taxes and Christ replies to give Caesar â€Å"what is Caesars†, and to give God â€Å"what is God’s.† And then, more broadly, Thoreau poses the question of why after eighteen hundred years of being written, no legislator in America or anywhere else has taken advantage of the â€Å"science of legislation† revealed in the New Testament. In conclusion, both Thoreau and King succeed in establishing their points on the benefits of civil disobedience. I feel that King does succeed farther with his inclusion of more passionate emotion and easier to understand, heartfelt metaphors. Though it is debatable that the scientific and matter of fact tone Thoreau uses ultimately make his case more credible by establishing his work as not only a great personal exposition, but also a considerable scientific exposition that could be considered among the ranks of Thomas Paine’s â€Å"Common Sense† or even Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince.†

Intrest throughout the three stories Essay

Sherlock Holmes is the main character in the story, as in all the Sherlock Holmes stories. He is a very proper and intelligent man with an extraordinary gift. He is Observant and analytical person and can obtain a large amount of information from a small amount of clues, which most others would overlook. From early on in the story Holmes does not hesitate to show off his detective skills when he meats Helen Stoner: â€Å"You have come in by train this morning, I see. I observe the second half of a return ticket in the palm of marks are perfectly fresh. There is no vehicle save a dog-cart which throws up mud in that way, and then only when you sit on the left-hand side of the driver†. This shows that Holmes considers these observations to be trivial, and that they do not stretch his talent whatsoever. Doctor Watson is Holmes’ assistant. He is a fully qualified doctor and so a clever man, but next to Holmes he often comes across as a clumsy, less intelligent person. This contrast makes Holmes and Watson an interesting duo to read about. Watson is used for occasional humour during the story. It is very apparent that Watson admires Holmes: â€Å"I had no keener pleasure than in following Holmes in his professional investigations and admiring his rapid deductions†. Finally, Conan-Doyle uses Watson to put forward questions and opinions, which the reader may be thinking of. Holmes never openly rejects these opinions, but nor does he accept them or answer Watson’s questions clearly. This creates red herrings, which ensure that the outcome of the story remains a mystery to the reader. Helen Stoner, the lady that has come to Holmes for help, is portrayed in this story as the ‘damsel in distress’. She is in desperate need of assistance and has no one else to turn to. Whilst Helen is trying to explain her predicament to Holmes, He is very calm and collective and does not let her tell the story in full immediately; he frequently asks for details or interrupts Helen. This keeps the reader interested because he or she is eager to learn the story. Holmes’ attitude towards Helen reflects the time the story was written in. Holmes is very sympathetic and gentlemanly towards Helen: â€Å"‘you must not fear,’ said he soothingly, bending forward and patting her forearm. ‘We shall soon set matters right, I have no doubt'†. Holmes is not being sexist in his assumption that Helen is helpless and afraid, he is merely showing the attitude towards women that was shared by most men at that time. Holmes knows that Helen needs help from someone who is reassuring and confident. Roylott is Helen’s stepfather. Roylott is an aggressive, violent character who threatens Holmes by bending his poker. Roylott is the prime suspect in the story for the reader, because the death of his stepdaughters would mean he would receive their inheritance. Throughout the story, Conan-Doyle gives several clues as to the outcome of the mystery. Firstly, when Helen is telling her story from the beginning, the reader learns that Roylott, who would inherit an amount of money in the case of the two sisters’ deaths, is a short-tempered, dangerous man who has a history of violence: â€Å"There was a series of disgraceful quarrels and brawls with anyone giving him the least offence†. These clues make Roylott the prime suspect for the death of Julia Stoner. Secondly, although it leaves many questions unanswered, Helen reveals that Julia’s last words were: â€Å"Helen! It was the band! The Speckled band! â€Å". It turns out that she was describing the snake that bit her. Finally, there are several important clues given in Helen’s bedroom, next to Roylott’s room, before the plot is unfolded. Above Helen’s bed, which is fixed to the floor, is a bell rope that does not work, and a ventilator. The ventilator is in a very strange place: the dividing wall between the two rooms. It turns out that these features were to allow the snake to get to Helen. Such clues were intended to intrigue the reader and hint to the reader, giving them a chance to work the mystery out for themselves. These clues are typical of the mystery genre. There are also several red herrings in the story, for example, the gypsies living in the grounds: â€Å"It must have been those wretched gypsies in the plantation†. These points are irrelevant but raise questions in the mind of the reader, making them want to read on. Conan-Doyle also uses tension to keep the reader interested. When Holmes and Watson are waiting for the snake to arrive in Helen’s room, they are in darkness and speak in whispers. Holmes makes it clear to Watson that they are in considerable danger and must not get caught. Conan-Doyle also uses language techniques such as shorter sentences to achieve this tension. At the end of the story, as was common in stories of this genre, Holmes gives an explanation of the crime for the benefit of the reader. ‘The Devil’s Foot’ is similar to ‘The Speckled Band’ in that from the start there is a character that we have reason to suspect: Mortimer. At first, Mortimer does not seem to be as vicious an enemy as Roylott, as was common in the time the story was written, but several clues unearthed by Holmes point the finger at him. The murder in this case is also similar to the murder in ‘The Speckled Band’. It is a very horrific and mysterious murder that some in the story believe to be of a supernatural nature. Murders like this were often present in stories of this time and genre and were designed to fascinate and shock the reader. Holmes, however, says: â€Å"if it is beyond this world then it is certainly beyond me†. This makes the reader believe that there must be a logical or scientific explanation. The crime is again solved by Holmes, who solves the mystery by noticing small clues and gathering information, in this case, noticing the link of combustible powder between the two rooms in which the murders took place. To support his idea of this powder being the cause of the deaths, Holmes puts his life on the line and tries it on himself. This eccentricity and willingness to go so far to solve a crime makes Holmes all the more interesting and unusual to the reader.

Financial Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Financial Report - Case Study Example The group also has a specialized value driven service provider as Schindler Marine which has been involved in providing consultancy services and mobility solutions for ships since 1980s. It is based in Italy and also has operations in Miami, Florida. Its consulting activities and customized solutions cover all stages from planning and designing vessels to installation of escalators and elevators. Furthermore, this company also provides repairing, maintenance and modernization services to its valuable clients which include major cruise liners mainly operating in Europe (Schindler, 2008). ALSO Holding AG (ALSO) is the company's subsidiary which provides services in information and communications and produces consumer electronics for both wholesale and logistics sectors. ALSO is operating in different European countries and under a different name. The company faces strong competition from companies such as KONE (Finland), Otis Elevator (Farmington, CT) and ThyssenKrupp Elevator (Germany) (Hoovers 2009). In addition to these there is competition from numerous Asian companies based in Japan and China. The company has a strong brand which is recognised and accepted by customers worldwide. The company has a global presence through 1,000 representative offices and subsidiaries operating in different countries which make it well organized group with conviction ensured by the head office. Three major strengths of the company have been identified which are reliability, mobility and innovation leader. The reliability of the company has been mainly driven from the quality of its products and services. The company has a team of technicians and engineers who are involved in the process of design newer technologies and products which cater to a large number of customers in different sectors. These products are designed in such a way that customers and general public can have a sense of safety. The company has issued its corporate citizenship report which is aimed at providing safety precautions to millions of customers who use Schindler manufactured elevators and escalators. The company has implemented e-monitoring diagnostic tools to assists in trouble shooting. This allows companies technicians to respond to customers' problems in a short period of time. Employees of the company are also its strength involved in development of technology The company's operations are spread out globally and well integrated with its head office in Switzerland. The company is operating in almost 100 countries across 6 continents and has been successfully able to compete against its competitors to generate high value sales. This could be observed from the following graph which clearly indicates the geographical dispersion of sales of both divisions of the company. From this it can be seen that 79% of ALSO's sales are from company's contracts outside Switzerland. Similar its elevator and escalator division makes most of its sales in EU markets, North America and Asia. In this way the company

Quality of service in WiMAX Based Broadband Wireless Netwoks Essay

Quality of service in WiMAX Based Broadband Wireless Netwoks - Essay Example IEEE 802.16/WiMAX-based broadband and mobile wireless access is expected to be a significant component in the next generation (e.g., beyond 3G, 4G) wireless systems (Hossain 1). There is a clear shift from telephony to data transfer in wireless networks. In this scenario WiMAX technologies and solutions are poised to play a major role in broadband Internet access and other form of connectivity. The technology is in its early development phase and there is a widespread research and consultation is going on this field. The issues of quality of service (QoS) are becoming more demanding with the growing demand of the rich media of smartphones and high end gadgets. Users are now more concerned with the QoS of the services with increasing capacity and reach of wireless technologies. IEEE 802.16/WiMAX standard, which incorporates several advanced radio transmission technologies such as orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), adaptive modulation and coding, and adaptive forward error correction (FEC), is designed to provide broadband wireless capability using a well-defined quality-of-service (QoS) framework. Though, the adoption of technology is still very limited due to cost ... This paper will discuss the current evolutions going on in the field of WiMAX technologies and issues related to quality of service issues in WiMAX Based Broadband Wireless Netwoks along with its, its forms, and the status of its standardization. A specification of the selected topic and the motivation behind this selection WiMAX and WiMAX-based broadband wireless network offer an alternative to existing wireless and mobile communication technologies. Due to mounting demand for higher bandwidth and better QoS, WiMAX technology has became a subject of intense research and debate among researchers and academicians. In this context the selection of the topic "Quality of Service in WiMAX-Based Broadband Wireless Networks" as a subject of this paper is quite contemporary and may act as a part of ongoing debate over the technology. Existing protocols and solutions IEEE's 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee is almost anonymous with a wireless standards body. IEEE 802.11 set of standards developed by this committee provide a basis for wireless local area network (WLAN) communications. The IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee established a working group in 1999 for the development of standards specific to Broadband Wireless Access. IEEE 802.16 Working Group on Broadband Wireless Access Standards, as it is known, is responsible for laying down formal standard specifications for broadband wireless MAN/WAN networks. Since the first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001, three working groups have been involved for developing standards; the group IEEE 802.16.1 is responsible for creating standards for air interfaces in range of 10 to 66 GHz, known as Local Multipoint Distribution Service, group IEEE

Now we can get congress going Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Now we can get congress going - Essay Example There should be adoption of policies that will ensure new graduate and majority of youth get enough opportunities after getting out of the education system. Addressing these issues will boost confidence on elected leader and also esnures that the current administration is seen as doing something on policy issues. On the other hand, I belive that addressing issues of enrgey will help in reviving areas of the economy that are not performing well. Energy sector is a key driver of various parts of the economy. This is because energy drives various sector of the economy such as prodcution. Most of the prices of goods and services enjoyed by americans are determiedn by the prodcution process. Hence, addressing issues of enrgy will be paramount in esnuring that Americans are not faced by high prices of goods and services. Moreover, americans will be able to purchase more commodities with less. Therefore, a proposal to construct Keystone XL pipeline should be a priority of the new elected

Industrial Crane Accidents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Industrial Crane Accidents - Essay Example To date, many reports relay crane-related accidents that could have been avoided if safety regulations were carefully considered. Industrial crane operators are required to apply strict safety procedures to carry out their job properly. Several regulations have been existent internationally to prevent accidents and hazards in every industrial workplace. Nevertheless, the current literature reflects a number of accidents related to the use of cranes in many workplaces around the world, both on land and offshore (i.e., gas mining platforms). Therefore, it is important to consider how such accidents have occurred in order to promote safety in the industrial workplace. Industrial crane accidents can happen anytime if workers practice negligence. The complex and heavy structure of the crane implies the high demand for safety during operation in the workplace. Relevantly, only certified workmen can handle industrial cranes, thus workers who would like to be crane operators should undergo t he specific training for operating cranes and other similar machines. A simple negligence on the part of the operator could lead to accidents, and later on, to permanent disability and even deaths. In such cases, the company will be held liable for the loss, not just the operator or the driver concerned could lose his job if the results of the investigations suggest negligence on his part. However, crane accidents have more bearing on the company because the company has the sole liability in such cases. A number of cases of negligence can be found in the literature, pointing either to the company or the crew as the one at fault. For instance, Jerner (2010) reports about a crane accident in which the crane boom separated from the mobile carrier. Based on the investigations, the turntable bearing did not function properly because it was improperly placed and showed signs of being worn out. Notably, the first problem that reveals improper placing of the turntable could be attributed to the staff, whereas the second cause, which is the worn out characteristics of the turntable implies the liability of the company. The use of old and worn out turntable can be attributed to the company’s cost-cutting measures. In another accident report by Jerner (2010), the same problem of substandard crane parts was detected as the bolts of the boom attached to three crane boom sections broke, thus separating the attached sections from the main boom. The accident occurred during operation as the crane was used to remove a water tank crane boom from a water tower. Although there were no casualties, the accident expectedly caused delay in the company’s operation. In a report made by the Iowa FACE Program (n.d.) of a 1997 accident that occurred in a wind farm in Iowa, the author noted the shifting of the tower-type crane whose outrigger pad slid to the northwest, leading to the death of the 36-year–old crane operator. The crew was about to install generators on a windmill when the accident happened. The owner of the mill, who was situated perpendicular to the windmill and saw the whole accident reported that the crane was tilted a little before the accident happened.  

The influence of women's wear on American fashion and design Research Paper

The influence of women's wear on American fashion and design - Research Paper Example Donna Karan and her influence- Donna Karan’s influence was especially manifested in the sportswear designs, which came to prominence in the American fashion and design industry during the latter years of the 20th century. Other women’s wear influencers - These include Claire McCardell, Bonnie Cashen, Tina Lesser, Clare Potter, Tina Lesser as well as Emily Wilkins. These women and others are explored and the role they played in setting free the American fashion design from the strongholds of the Parisian design, with a new standards of designs, for example corsets and new girdle designs. Women’s wear has dominated the American fashion and design for a long time, and the influence they have is an important subject that designers should embrace and understand well. The American fashion industry is awash with big names from Clare McCardell to Donna Karan, among others, iconic fashion designers who have left a big mark to the industry in not just the American but also the International sphere. The following paper is an assessment of ways through which women’s wear has influenced American fashion and design. The paper will explore the following three influencing factors. Firstly, the works of Claire McCardell and their influence to the American fashion and design industry are explored. The influential work of Donna Karan is also examined. The other influences examined in detail are the influences of various women’s wear during the 1920s and the 1930s, a period when the works of big names at this time made an indelible mark to the American fashion ind ustry as well. The influence of Claire McCardell to the American fashion and design is immense. Together with other women, for example Elizabeth Hawkes, Vera Maxell and Bonnie Cashin, McCardell is recognized as one of the major icons of American fashion. Claire McCardell was a rising star during the 1930s, and Buxbaum writes of her influence

Cross Cultural Management Case Study 1500words exc Essay

Cross Cultural Management Case Study 1500words exc. ReferencingBibliography - Essay Example The decision to enter markets outside the home country depends on a company's resources, managerial mindset and the nature of opportunity and threat. Mattel's best-known brand Barbie and its enviable global position has resulted in part from the company's willingness and ability to back its flag ship product with a strong local marketing effort. Mattel has positioned its brand 'Barbie' as a global brand, independent of any country of origin link. Barbie is a Barbie wherever it is made. Mattel has adopted a geocentric orientation i. e., it is adopting a worldview that sees similarity and differences in markets and countries and seeks to create a global strategy that is fully responsive to local needs and wants. Mattel's global marketing strategies for Barbie converges to market needs and wants, technologies advancements and socio-culture integration. A global marketing strategy is built on an information system that scans the world business environment to identify opportunities, trend s, threats and resources. A truly global company leverages its skills and focuses its resource to create superior perceived value for customers and achieve competitive advantage. Mattel has adopted the above strategies to become successful in global market. 2. As Theodore Levitt (1983) in his article" the globalization of markets" in the Harvard Business review argued that around the globe using standardized high quality world products and market then around the global using standardized advertising, pricing and distribution. But most of the organization found it, just a bunk. However success is not solely based on a standardization of marketing elements. To be successful in different market could be achieved only by spending a great deal of time and money to become an insider. That is, the company built a complete local infrastructure with its sales force. Now exactly the same path Mattel has adopted to become successful in Japanese market. Initially Mettle's Barbie has failed is John W. Amerman former CEO of Mattel state 'they did not know what that product was, and it didn't work" (Golab, 1994). Even availing the services of the consultant and modification of product looks do not have sufficient effect. Even the second partnership wi th Bandai didn't worked property. Finally in 1991, Mattel's own sales and marketing staff and office plays the trick and after spending more time and money, in 1994, Mattel has achieved some success and made profit in Japan with sales almost doubling since reintroduction (Golab, 1994). Mattel introduced its own American Barbie with long hair " Star princess Barbie" which becomes one of the top selling dolls in Japan (Thornton, 1994). Apart from time and marketing infrastructure development Mattel has conducted a consumer research in the Japanese market to understand the actual likings of the target customers. To survive in this new globally competitive world we had to modernize. Information technology is the glue for everything we do. For global marketer, information is one of the most essential requirements for decision-making (Reid, 1995; Green and Eric, 1975; Mullen, 1995). So market

What counts as knowledge in the arts Discuss by comparing to one other Essay

What counts as knowledge in the arts Discuss by comparing to one other area of knowledge - Essay Example Some of the theories and principles enable thinkers to reflect on what they consider their sources of knowledge. When it comes to arts, and other disciplines, say science, people have to consider and differentiate what they know, from the facts that exist. This paper will review what counts as knowledge in the arts, and compare it to another field of knowledge. In math, for example, the use of statistical data and quantitative instruments can determine what an individual requires to make knowledgeable claims. It is a manner in which human sciences are valued in present times, and as such, relies heavily on true, relevant data. In the arts, there is a difference in how information is interpreted by the user, and how it reflects as part of acquisition of knowledge (Leavy 84). For the arts, it is simply a matter of dealing with what people envision, and how relevant it is from the time it came into being, to the present time. Art is science. This is what many people may argue. For instance, historical information requires the collection of data through science. However, one begs the question; can the information collected or acquired be termed as knowledge? What does the information help an individual achieve in the long run? Some of these questions can bring out the true nature of what in science lies hidden in the art (Leavy 86). There is the underlying fact that people who look for knowledge do so through experiences throughout their lives. They could be positive or negative, and how one chooses to interpret them makes them knowledgeable on some issues. Basic science has reduced the world to a number of theories. There are ways in which information displayed. It can influence the deduction of many aspects of life that one did not know existed. Matter, for example, is an area that has many people confused. Science is supposed to act as a tool of communication in which people can understand the basic elements of their lives. It should be,

Financial crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial crisis - Essay Example Here it is important to discuss the causes of market instability i.e. the greedy nature of people which encouraged them to opt for the expensive mortgages. For instance, individuals who required a high standard home could easily get it on credit basis while the brokers used to eliminate their loan responsibilities when selling home (Guina). This ultimately caused people to drown into heavy loans. Consequently the housing market which was previously acting as a major economic participant declined. Investors were then restricted to change their residents in order to gain profits. When investments slowed down then the financial institutions such as banks increased their lending requirements. This subsequently affected the credits functions (Guina). As a result the Economic Bailout was designed so that the government could purchase the securities and mortgages. This was aimed at providing assistance to banks so that they can easily lend money. Author also states that the economy was the undergoing intense instability which might have causes total economic crash down. Analysis Author has made a hypothesis that the financial crisis of 2008 was predominantly caused by credit mismanagement and lack of cash reserves. In order to strengthen his claim he has further discussed the market instability and the peculiar way in which business operations were being performed at that time. Research indicates that the initiation of cheap credits which were extended to the individuals in order to avail maximum life opportunities were actually causing hindrances in the normal market operations. Cheap crediting system increased the demand of certain goods in the market such as the houses and cars which subsequently caused inflation. This was then related with the rising unemployment (Guina). Most of the claims presented in the articles are about the credits which represents that the author has maintained a firm position over the hypothesis. This further illustrates that the primary m otive of author was to evaluate the credit issues in the American society rather than covering the entire financial crisis. Moreover, the discussion over the political influence and prevailing monetary system is has been missed by the author. The article actually reveals entirely new perspectives on money and banking. For instance, it discusses the role of brokers and how they eliminate themselves from the risky mortgages (Guina). This significantly affects the individual buyer as he has to bear the complete responsibility of loan while handling all the risks. Since money and banking are closely related with one another therefore the impact of purchasing mortgages which are not backed by securities also influences the bank’s cash reserves and the overall money management. The Economic Bailout was discussed in the article so as to reflect what government has done in order to deal with the financial crisis. However, the author must have also mentioned the effectiveness and effi ciency of analytical frameworks. For instance, if the government had implemented the fundamental concepts of demand and supply then such intense inflation must have never raised. Additionally, the poor cash reserves must have presented a better economic progress in the contemporary world (Mishkin). The government should eliminate all the cheap credits from the financial institutions. This will actually facilitate in smoothing the

The Chesapeake and New England Colonies Essay Example for Free

The Chesapeake and New England Colonies Essay Although New England and the Chesapeake region were both settled largely by the people of English origin, by 1700 the regions had evolved into two distinct societies. These two colonies divided based on their values and goals for their future, New England believed in unity, religion, and family, while the Chesapeake region believed in success, working alone, and entrepreneurship. Their lives really centered around what they believed in and was the determining factor on why these societies are very different. New England came over with a sense of unity and equality for their people. They wanted what was best for everyone. Massachusetts wanted to have the poor and the rich in their town as well as everyone having a share of the meadow or planting ground. They wanted people to have equal portions and opportunities. They sought comfort and strength in each other to reach goals and worked together to get the job done. John Winthrop who was an English Puritan speaks of knitting together and working as one man. He preaches about looking over one anothers flaws and pushing forward and supplying people with the necessities they need. He sees they should be the city upon the hill, a model for everyone to follow, and learning and experience with and form each other, together as one. He wants a tight knit community where everyone helps out and believes in one another. This region is more interested in building a strong sense of community and bond with one another. The New England region relied strongly on their religious beliefs and the church had a strong influence over the people. They turn to God in time of need and despair as well as in happiness. The people will preach the Lords words and be his servants. They vow to walk in the ways of Christ with the church and the other people. They unify and work together for the church and for the Lord. They overlook each others flaws and help each other day by day because thats what being apart of the church is. They want a perfect and united society and God to walk with them through it. This region wants to be able to have the religious freedom they deserve and believes God will take them where they need to go in life. Family was just as important to the New England region as religion and unity. Family ties all these values together into one. They wanted a certain amount of families in their towns. The ship full of emigrants bound for New England are full of families and marriages that have lasted a while. All these families make the community a whole, without them there wouldnt be the values to unify them or bring them together through the church. Basing their life off of these values and putting them into effect made their lives successful. They built such a strong community for themselves because they were in the right mindset and had the right tools to walk them through it. People and families are the backbone that need to be there in order for the town to survive and no one giving up. They were wealthy aspiring leaders and people throughout the region. Virginia and the Chesapeake region had different views on their lifestyle. They believed in success no matter how they got there, they just wanted the profit from it. Only the wealthy made their way through with their riches such as gold. John Smith a leader in Virginia tells that the people with money, spare clothes, credit to give bills of payment, gold rings, fur, or anything of that sort were welcome to purchase supplies. The dug for gold and other riches in the ground. They were not about equality or giving equal opportunities to the rich and poor. More men came to Virginia, it wasnt really family oriented either. There was only eleven out of many men coming to Virginia. The reason people came was for the profit and hope to gain riches. The people of Virginia worked alone and believed in entrepreneurship. They didnt care how they got to the top, as long as they were there. They didnt believe in working together to accomplish something, they wanted all the credit to themselves. They were self employed and wanted to make new businesses being their own boss selling valuables. The only people who helped them out was the many servants protecting them. They had no sense of community or compassion for other people. They thought about themselves before anything. Their motivation was the profit they would consume from it, not worrying about what it may have caused for others to reach that. These people wore more messy and dirty clothing than Virginia because they were working and some people were poor, and they had a lot of servants. These regions were completely opposites in the way they chose to live. The New England region believed in a strong community with families and religion supporting them, while the Chesapeake region wanted profit and riches, preferred working alone to get the necessities they needed. The New England ways gave us a sense of democracy and working together as a whole.

Harmonisation of International Accounting Standards | Essay

Harmonisation of International Accounting Standards | Essay In an increasingly global business environment, issues such as how companies account for their relevant financial positions in different jurisdictions gain greater importance. Many companies are international in their scope with several different subsidiaries in multiple jurisdictions making the interpretation of accounts particularly difficult. Accounting standards in every country are developed with the background of that country’s individual social and economic circumstances, which results in a range of differing standards being developed across the globe[1]. As a result, it is very difficult for accounts to be read accurately and to make suitable financial decisions on investment by entities from other jurisdictions. Comparing performances and consolidating accounts without at least a degree of international harmonisation would prove very difficult, if not impossible. The Importance of Harmonisation As a result of the problems mentioned above, a uniform set of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have been developed with the view to mitigating or, in some cases, eliminating divergences in the way that accounts are reported in different jurisdictions. It is recognised that a blanket standardisation is simply impossible; countries need the flexibility and freedom to allow influences from their own social and economic backgrounds to come into play. For this reason, a process of harmonisation has been established. By having a guideline for the ways in which companies from different countries must deal with certain corporate issues, it makes the position of managers and investors much easier. Having a foundation of standards allows allocation choices in terms of resources and time to be made across jurisdictions. In order to do this, a like for like comparison must be possible and this can only be achieved with a degree of harmonisation. In particular, the area of taxation has gained a great deal of attention from international accounting standard setters. For example, Financial Reporting Standard 19 states how a company should deal with deferred taxation situations, i.e. where the point of realising the asset and the corresponding liability are different and how this can be accounted for in the company accounts. By ensuring companies across the globe are broadly following the same principles, it is much easier to ascertain the true financial position of the company in question. The International Accounting Standards Board The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is a wide group of people who are independent and are involved in the development and management of the International Financial Reporting Standards. The work of the IASB is supervised by the International Accounting Standards Committee and has additional support from external advisory committees. In total, there are fourteen board members, representing nine different countries, thus ensuring geographical diversity and representation during the standard setting process. The main work of the IASB is to work with the various different national accounting standard setters in a bid to ensure that there is a worldwide convergence of accounting standards being put in place. As mentioned previously, the aim is not to force nations into following one set of distinct rules, but rather to encourage a union of standards. The work of the IASB has been widely recognised, with more than 100 countries across the world either requiring or at least allowing the use of international accounting standards. This substantially increases the freedom of trade and investment on an international scale. International companies are able to ensure that consolidated accounts are prepared to produce useful and accurate accounts of the way in which the company is performing. This ability to draw accurate comparison is vital for the truly international scope of modern business[2]. Structure and Processes of the IASB Gaining harmonisation and convergence of accounting standards is clearly an important and useful element of international business. Achieving this is, however, a particularly difficult task. No international financial reporting standard can be passed and agreed on without the due process being followed. International agreement is vital, if such convergence is going to be efficiently attained across the globe. The process is carried out in six stages, each of which is open to debate and is overseen by the executive committees. Firstly, the agenda is set. During this process, the IASB will look at the issue being raised, the current approaches being taken by the various different countries and the realistic possibility of achieving greater harmonisation. On the assumption that further harmonisation is thought possible, the IASB will then consider and set out the scope of the international standard that is envisaged. Secondly, the project of establishing the accounting standard is planned fully to ensure the maximum possible buy-in from the various countries. Crucially, at this point, the IASB will decide if it is going to act alone in establishing the standard or whether it requires the assistance of other standard setting bodies[3]. Thirdly, once the project is fully understood, a discussion paper is published. This will state the issues as the IASB sees it and the possible solutions that exist for the problem. This is absolutely crucial. The work of the IASB relies almost entirely upon the agreement of the participating countries and, therefore, opening the discussion up to these countries is vital. Fourthly, once the discussion stage has been duly undertaken, an exposure draft is issued with details of the proposed solution. This is essential as it will be at this point that many countries will raise objections or make further suggestions. Fifthly, all of these processes are put together and the standard itself is drafted and published. It takes into account all comments and issues raised during the discussion paper and exposure draft. Finally, after the standard has been issued, the IASB will review the uptake and the way it has been applied by the various countries. It may be that further amendments or new standards are needed and the process will then restart. The entire process is based on discussion and co-operation, which is vital if any form of harmonisation can be truly efficient[4]. Challenges to Harmonisation Harmonisation is clearly beneficial for international trade and businesses. However, such large scale convergence is going to be difficult to manage and achieve; firstly, as the standards have to be incorporated into the national standards set by every individual country. This requires the relevant countries to be on board and prepared to support the various international standards being developed. Naturally, the support that is being shown for this is different between the various countries, with the more affluent countries being able to comply more readily because of their advanced accounting structure[5]. Secondly, the changing of the way in which accounts are presented is not always a quick or cheap process, which can cause difficulties for some smaller companies. In some cases, the adoption of certain international standards will result in the reported profits of the company falsely appearing substantially lower than the previous year. For this reason, some companies will naturally be slower or more hesitant to adopt the new standards. Where there is resistance, the IASB does not have the power or teeth to enforce the standards. This lack of ability to enforce can ultimately make the process of ensuring total international harmonisation extremely difficult and potentially impossible. Conclusions The IASB plays an absolutely vital role in the move towards gaining an internationally harmonised set of accounting standards. All of the work undertaken by the IASB is mindful of the need to achieve co-operation between all countries and, as such, has been structured in the way that it establishes standards through the process of discussion and explanatory documents, encouraging the accession of all relevant parties, at every step of the way. In doing so, the chances of international harmonisation are much greater and this will bring with it all of the benefits of internationally usable accounts. Bibliography Bazaz, Mohammed S., International Accounting: A Global Perspective, Issues in Accounting Education, Vol. 20, 2005 Collins, Katherine, International Accounting Rate Reform: The Role of International Organizations and Implications for Developing Countries, Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 31, 2000 Fleming, Peter D., The Growing Importance of International Accounting Standards; Arthur R. Wyatt, Chairman of the International Accounting Standards Committee, Heralds International Harmonization, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 172, 1991 Gornik-Tomaszewski, Sylwia, Mccarthy, Irene N., Cooperation between FASB and IASB to Achieve Convergence of Accounting Standards, Review of Business, Vol. 24, 2003 Heely, James A., Nersesian, Roy L. Global Management Accounting: A Guide for Executives of International Corporations, Quorum Books, 1993 Holmes, Geoffrey Andrew, Sugden, Alan, Holmes, Geoffrey, Gee, Paul, Interpreting Company Reports and Accounts, Pearson Education, 2004 Larson, Robert K., An Empirical Investigation of the Relationships between International Accounting Standards, Equity Markets and Economic Growth in Developing Countries, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 25, 1994 Nobes, Christopher, Parker, Robert, Comparative International Accounting, Pearson Education, 2006 Rider, Barry, in Villiers, Charlotte (ed.), Corporate Reporting and Company Law, Cambridge University Press, 2006 Rodgers, Paul, International Accounting Standards: From UK Standards to IAS, an Accelerated Route to Understanding the Key Principles of International Accounting Rules, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007 Sale, J. Timothy, Salter, Stephen B, Sharp, David J., Advances in International Accounting, Elsevier, 2004 Schipper, Katherine, Principles-Based Accounting Standards, Accounting Horizons, Vol. 17, 2003 Schwartz, Donald, The Future of Financial Accounting: Universal Standards, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 181, 1996 van Greuning, Hennie, Koen, Marius, International Accounting Standards: A Practical Guide, World Bank Publications, 2001 Footnotes [1] Holmes, Geoffrey Andrew, Sugden, Alan, Holmes, Geoffrey, Gee, Paul, Interpreting Company Reports and Accounts, Pearson Education, 2004 [2] van Greuning, Hennie, Koen, Marius, International Accounting Standards: A Practical Guide, World Bank Publications, 2001 [3] Collins, Katherine, International Accounting Rate Reform: The Role of International Organizations and Implications for Developing Countries, Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 31, 2000 [4] Rider, Barry in, Villiers, Charlotte (ed.), Corporate Reporting and Company Law, Cambridge University Press, 2006 [5] Rodgers, Paul, International Accounting Standards: From UK Standards to IAS, an Accelerated Route to Understanding the Key Principles of International Accounting Rules, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007

Mobile Maintenance Overview

Mobile Maintenance Overview MOBILE MAINTENANCE OVERVIEW THE PROJECT Over the last decade, we have seen the pace of technology development increase hugely. From mobile phones to tablet devices to smart televisions, right up to connected vehicles and homes. This technology shift is inevitably moving into aviation travel sector. Both the Boeing 787 and Airbus A380 require connectivity, and digital tools, to maintain them. Engineering needs to have integrated systems and hardware within the business to keep pace. Achieving such integration will provide us with the latest tools in support of our drive for greater efficiency and improved productivity. Our goal is to use technology to help us become market competitive. The Mobile Maintenance project is one of Engineerings primary Tier 1 programmes and forms part of the Our Plan business objective to use digital technology to transform our business. It aligns with the work we are doing under the banner of the Capella change programme. With investment being made in mobile hardware, a new content management solution and significant enhancements to the SAP, the project will roll out over the next 18 months. Beginning in the ramp arena, online/mobile working will cascade on into hangar maintenance, and then component workshops. The new content management solution will come on stream one aircraft type at a time, with component maintenance manuals shortly thereafter. INVESTING IN OUR FUTURE In the current financial climate, the decision by BAs Capital Investment Committee to approve this capital investment should be seen as a fantastic endorsement of everything Engineering intends to achieve via the project. Once the cost of the original mobile working trial is added in, the total capex underpinning Mobile Maintenance comes to some  £8million. The graphic below provides an indication of how the funds have been invested. 33% 22% 45% INVESTMENT BREAKDOWN Hardware SAP Enhancements INVESTMENT EXPLAINED BENEFITS Of course, the investment decision was driven by the compelling benefits case Engineering were able to make. As well as the obvious productivity and efficiency opportunities, successful implementation opens up the possibility of achieving a wide variety of non-financial gains across Engineering. PEOPLE AND PROCESSES Drive up the quality of information underpinning resource and load planning activities. Reduce the frustration caused by having to leave the aircraft side mid-job. SAFETY AND QUALITY Improve access, and adherence, to maintenance manuals, procedures and processes. Reduce the risk of unrecorded work. OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE Reduce ADDs and delays through easier, quicker and more accurate access to technical information. Vastly improved situational awareness both in the satellite control and for the production teams. SAP Enhancements Just over 1/5 of the investment has gone into the largest single group of changes to SAP since it was introduced in 2004. Resulting in new transactions and improvements to exisiting ones, in addition to the new eTask app. Hardware 1/3 of the investment has been on hardware. From the devices to servers and WIFi infranstructure. This portion of the investment was vital in ensuring the implementation becomes a success. ICMS The largest portion of the investiment is in the new integrated content management system. A replacement for the TI Portal and Knowledge warehouse, ICMS will provide remote, direct, accurate technical documentation to all engineers. For additions or queries regarding the MMHandbook contact [emailprotected] Ensure colleagues carry out their role with the most up-to-date information at their fingertips. Increase the productivity and efficiency of the delivery and support teams in the organisation. Provide the opportunity for greater visibility of task work steps. Remove SAP data entry lag, and risk of data transcription errors, to improve compliance data timeliness and quality. Better quality data will provide greater richness of information to improve the quality, and delivery, of the daily production plan. DELIVERABLES DELIVERABLES OVERVIEW Mobile maintenance often attracts the immediate thought of iPads and the eTask app, mobile maintenance is a huge amount more than just an app on a device. The SAP enhancements upstream all interlink with one another, from enhancing the notifications we rely on for compliance, to creating a balanced plan and managing our operation. The information produced upstream of the app allows the engineer to work with accurate, well planned information on his device, while the app offers him/her immediate benefits with the functionality offered by eTask. DEFECT WORKBENCH The defect workbench is a new SAP transaction available for use by both production and the EOCC. It allows a user to search, review and fully define a D3 or D7. The transaction is data rich and allows accurate definition of notifications ensuring the user has all the information available to make informed decisions on what action should be taken. Notifications can be directed to relevant departments using the new milestone function while communication lines between planning, production and the engineer at the aircraft side are opened up with the remarks function. SLOT PLAN The slot plan is an engineering version of the airops software we use today to monitor the operation, it is a graphical display of our aircrafts flying schedule allowing a planner to select and analyse maintenance opportunities to plan revisions. The slot plan is the point of entry to the planning workbench and is the first step in the process to creating a new revision or editing an existing one. PLANNING WORKBENCH A data rich transaction allowing a planner to analyse the outstanding notifications of an aircraft. A compliance pane, defect pane and modification pane organise the notifications in a logical manner while quick review columns offer immediate information about a notification including; material status, life rule and number of re-assess alongside many others. The main function of the planning workbench is to create accurate plans for work in the production environment. LOAD AND CAPACITY Once the notification definition process we will have going forward with mobile maintenance improves and the data is more accurate the load and capacity tool will be a very important tool for engineering. The load and capacity tool will offer a graphical representation of the capacity (resource available) vs the Load (the planned work). This will allow a planner to balance revisions and ensure the plan is achievable. The tool depends on engineering working together to define notifications properly, most importantly defining man hours on ADDs. RESOURCE PLANNING DASHBOARD (RPD) The resource planning dashboard is a digital T card board and interlinks with both the load and capacity tool and the TACD. The RPD (resource planning dashboard) allows a shift manager to organise a shifts colleagues in to teams based on who is available. The transaction offers information of the colleagues skills, cover and availability and so the teams can be planned accurately and efficiently. There will also be a crew room view which will show everyone which teams they are allocated to. The RPD relies on data fed from the HR system and time manager, with this in mind, it is vital that any time manager data is entered in advance of the event, this includes overtime, leave, sickness and any other absence. Failure to do so will result in the colleagues absent or on overtime failing to show correctly in the RPD. This is important as the RPD feeds the allocation system in the TACD which allocates work to the engineers devices. TASK ALLOCATION AND CONTROL DASHBOARD (TACD) TACD is the new version of the electronic whiteboard we use today to manage our operation in the satellites. It allows the FSDE to view and analyse the progress of the work being carried out by the engineers on the aircraft, while having the ability to create tasks from VHF calls and allocating them directly to an engineers device instantly. The TACD interlinks directly with the eTask app and the functionality provided allows the progress of tasks and revisions to be monitored in real time offering a substantial operational awareness improvement. ETASK APP (IPAD BASED) The eTask app is the next generation Ramp app. Following on from the trial version, the eTask app has an abundance of functionalities available that allow an engineer to work more efficiently and effectively. Greater task detail, allocation flexibility, stores integration and reporting functions offer huge improvements to the initial ramp app. The major benefit being increased engagement time at the aircraft side, integration to the content management system and access to up to date technical documentation supports the information already on offer within each task pushed to the device. INTEGRATED CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ICMS) The new content management system is engineerings single solution for technical documentation and procedures. ICMS replaces the TI Portal and knowledge warehouse bringing considerable aesthetic, control and accessibility improvements. Desktop and device access provides aircraft manuals in the same format, hyperlinked and integrated with the eTask app whilst offering smart search functionality. Offline content also allows manuals to be saved to a device for review with automated updates adding in any TRs directly to the manual ensuring adherence to the most recent version. TRAINING TRAINING SOLUTION With engineering investing in one of the biggest change projects since the introduction of SAP it is vital that the training solution provided gives all colleagues the most support in the movement towards mobile working. This section will explain the training solution offered as well as where supplementary information and support can be found. TRAINING DEVELOPMENT Mobile maintenance training was developed in house by a team of hard working experienced engineering colleagues. They are volunteers who devoted their time to the project to ensure that the content developed was in the best interests of their own colleagues and engineering as a whole. The training concepts were developed alongside the GLA and their own experts to ensure it adhered to training guidelines. In respect of the practical training the colleagues whom deliver the courses are also engineering production colleagues who volunteered to support the work areas in the road towards mobile working. ASCEND British Airways corporate learning tool is Ascend, it allows courses to be built and stored online for completion at a time that suits without being off lined from the work areas. Ascend also allows learning to be tracked and audited by quality. SAP ENHANCEMENTS ASCEND COURSES The mobile maintenance ascend courses were designed to give a how to demonstration of the new SAP enhancements. Software is a difficult product to train and the team toyed with different methods. One being the use of screenshots and annotations, however, when analysed, it was found that around 2000 screenshots would need to be produced which was both unmanageable and counterproductive as a training tool. The chosen method was to use videos of the transaction actually in a realistic scenario. Many software products use this method for training and a professional software was sourced to produce the content over a period of 2 months. The videos can be stopped, paused and scrolled through if further time is required on a certain point or notes need to be taken. ETASK ASCEND COURSE BALEARNING APP The eTask ascend course is a little different to that of the SAP Enhancements, the ascend course serves as a placeholder for the competency assessment but the content itself is based on a BA corporate app named BALearning on the iPad device itself. The BALearning app allows an identical mimic of the real eTask app to be created. The content can then be manipulated to direct a user to choose the correct process and function resulting in the user becoming familiar and aware of how the eTask app works. If a user makes an error it is not a problem as the learning app offers a safe environment to practice in. The eTask training app that is released is available at any time allowing a user to refresh on functionality when required. BALEARNING APP FIX Some users have reported the BALearning app is malfunctioning and the screen blanks on opening. This is due to a problem Mobile Enabled Operations encountered in March with corporate apps across the BA network having issues. The fix: Delete BALogin App and Device Doctor App and then reinstall, following that enter the BA App store and ensure all apps are up to date including the BALearning app. This should remedy the fault. ASCEND COMPETENCY ASSESSEMENTS The ascend competency assessments are a quality requirement. PRACTICAL TRAINING The training team were very keen to have a practical element of training included in the solution, one that allows candidates to practice using the new tools in a safe environment with instructors who are experts in the developments. The solutions were again developed by the SME team alongside the GLA. EOCC PRACTICAL TRAINING The EOCC have developed a comprehensive practical training and readiness programme. This includes a full 1 day training course using the new tools in a safe environment while learning new processes and procedures attached to those tools. They also assess individuals on a 1 on 1 basis prior to going live ensuring the candidates are capable and ready to use the tools, assessing competency in addition to setting up layouts and variants applicable to their role. MVS MAINTENANCE VISIT SIMULATION Production colleagues, once they have completed the mandatory ascend modules will be allocated to an MVS course. A Maintenance Visit Simulation course is a 1 day offline course where a candidate will experience and use all of the tools produced from mobile maintenance in a simulated aircraft visit. The simulation begins prior to the aircraft visit highlighting the process of data enrichment and timely entering of HR data, from there the simulation moves through the satellite to the aircraft arrival and through to the aircraft departure. At each point of the aircraft visit the instructors demonstrate functionality and highlight any key points while the candidates actually work the aircraft on the devices like they would in a real life scenario. The candidates are assessed by monitoring their engagement throughout the session as well as a written exam at the end of the session. POST TRAINING SUPPORT For additions or queries regarding the MMHandbook contact [emailprotected] As with any training programme there are often further questions and clarity required by a candidate. For that reason a post training support structure has been implemented. KEY USERS Key users in each area are the first port of call for any clarifications or questions regarding mobile maintenance and they will be on hand to every shift to aid in the process of implementation and beyond. Again key users are engineering colleagues and have candidates best interests in mind. YAMMER Yammer is BAs business social media option. There is a mobile maintenance group which is monitored daily by the project team. Any questions or queries will be answered in a timely and accurate manner so dont hesitate to ask for any clarity or report any issues found. Yammer is available via a desktop or via the app store on the iPad. KEY FUNCTIONS QRH This mobile maintenance handbook offers an overview of the project, deliverables, training as well as offering a comprehensive quick reference handbook (QRH) for functionality of the new deliverables. It is a working document so if there is anything that is missing please report it to the owner or mobile maintenance yammer page. ENGINEERING PROCEDURES BA ENGINEERING TECHNICAL PROCEDURES AND WORK INSTRUCTIONS Mobile Maintenance is now part of British Airways Engineering Technical Procedures/Work Instructions. Alongside this there will be local procedures which will be briefed and cascaded by your business area representatives. Follow the instructions below to access the engineering procedures and work instructions related to Mobile Maintenance

gender and prestige :: essays papers

gender and prestige The purpose of this essay is to show embeddedness of prestige system into subsystems of the cultures. We will discuss four cultures which represent four different types of social organizations; !Kung San represents band organization, Mundurucu represents village type, Polynesia - Chiefdom, and Andalusia represents state type of social organization. In all of these cultures prestige system, which is the gender system, is imbedded into other subsystems. Three of these cultures: Mundurucu, Polynesia, and Andalusia, have hierarchical type of ideology, meaning in this culture males have more power then females. !Kung San culture, on the other hand, has egalitarian type of ideology, where there is no significant difference in power between males and females. We first start by defining prestige system, which consists of prestige itself. Prestige is level of respect at which one is regarded by others. Every person in prestige system has status, by which other people value your prestige. Status it determined by following factors: economical, political, personal, and historical. When we talk about the prestige system we have to say that prestige system is supported by ideology, and since cultures have different ideologies, the prestige systems vary from one culture to another. Polynesia, discussed by Sherry Ortner, consists of large numbers of islands in the Pacific Ocean, which include Hawaii, Samoa, Tahiti, and many more. The islands in their majority have the same prestige system. The prestige systems in Polynesia is the system of hereditary ranking which is embedded in political system, kinship system, and economic system. The type of social organization in Polynesia, as we mentioned above, is chiefdom. Chiefdom is characterized by numbe r of villages, where each village has its own chief, and the whole village system has one chief, higher in rank then other chiefs. This fact is important when we discuss the embeddedness of prestige system in the political system. Every village, that is the part of the chiefdom, has a goal to get on the top of the symbolic pyramid, with main chief and fono, the governing council, on the top. Sometimes, statuses can be brought higher with the right type of marriage, however, most of the villages have endogamy type of marriages, meaning the spouse comes from inside of the village. In case of exogamy marriage, where spouse comes from outside, the groom's family will have to share part of the land with the bride's family.

Human Influenced Climate Change :: Global Warming Essays

Arguments Against Climate Change These are some of the arguments used to prevent effective action on climate change. Climate change is not occurring This was the original argument used by the carbon industry to discredit climate change and global warming. Today the vast majority of world experts on climatic issues agree that it is changing, and that the evidence is there for everyone to witness. Climate change is good for us A more recent argument used by the carbon industry to confuse the issue of climate change and global warming with the intention of stopping effective action on climate change. Their approach falls into two categories: 1. CO2 fertilisation This concept relates to the fact that CO2 is sometimes a limiting growth factor for plants. The theory goes that with increases in atmospheric CO2 our agriculture will become much more productive. However, the storms, floods, fire and drought that are already playing havoc with agriculture are likely to have a significant negative impact, along with the longer term flooding of coastal areas. 2. Some parts of the world will be better to live in In theory some parts of the world might benefit, from a human point of view, due to global warming. However, at current rates of warming, local ecosystems will collapse and any objective measure of global benefits versus suffering would show much more suffering than benefits gained. Climate change is natural, therefore we should do nothing Climate change is natural and natural climate change is occurring constantly. However, natural climate change has been overtaken by human induced climate change which is causing the majority of climate change we are seeing today. Even if the climate change we are seeing today was totally natural, the disastrous impact is already being felt. It's unclear how much of today's climate change is caused by humans, therefore we don't really know if we should do anything Similar to the above argument and equally nonsensical. We can see and feel the impacts of our changing climate and we should do something about it regardless of the cause. The climate has been much hotter/colder in the past This argument suggests that because the climate has been more extreme in the past we shouldn't worry about it changing. It conveniently ignores the fact that if we reached either past climate extreme, much of our society and ecology would not survive. Climate change has been faster in the past Well it hasn't for the last 800,000 years. Ice core data shows that the fastest rate of CO2 increase over the last 800,000 years was 30 ppm in 1000 years.

The Importance of Leadership Essay -- student leadership program

When I first found out about the school's leadership program, I thought it was something I wanted to do. However, I almost did not apply for it. I filled out the application on the last day it was due and waited in anticipation for an answer. The leadership program has been a positive experience in my life. It has helped me to experience new things and change my way of thinking; it has helped me to become more direct, open and sincere; and it has introduced me to new, interesting, and wonderful people. Â   Through The leadership program, I have experienced many different things and have been introduced to new and different ways of thinking. The new and different experiences I had include working on a community service project with 25 of my peers (with help from our instructors and mentors) and working on an individual leadership project. The numerous and diverse speakers that taught the class each week brought with them unique perspectives. The speaker that I found most enlightening was Lance Brunner because his presentation awakened new emotions in me. Lance Brunner's session was about Mindfulness. The way he taught was attention grabbing. It focused the whole class's attention on what he was talking about. I especially like the point he made about thoughts being impermanent and how we should not let them control what we do. Lance taught me that a thought is as permanent or impermanent as everything else... ... leadership project and the group project helped me very much in my evolution as an Emerging Leader (Individual). I have become fond of all these people, and will know and work with a lot of these individuals throughout my college career, and maybe life. Â   Through the experiences I have had in the leadership program, such as the weekly sessions that featured speakers on diversity and individual ethics, and working on individual and group leadership and community service projects, I have learned to look at things from different perspectives and experienced new and different things that I will carry with me and use the rest of my life. I am glad I filled out that the leadership program application.

War Powers Resolution Act

Olivia Brasacchio U. S. History Block 4 05/08/12 â€Å"A resolution to avoid an evil is seldom framed till the evil is so far advanced as to make avoidance impossible† Thomas Hardy. The purpose of the War Powers Resolution act of 197 3 was to ensure that both Congress and the President share in making decisions that could potentially get the U. S. involved in hostilities or imitate danger. U. S. Presidents have consistently agreed that the War Powers Resolution Act is an unconstitutional violation of the higher powers of the executive branch.As a result, the Resolution has been the subject of controversy since its enactment in November of 1973, and is a recurring issue due to the ongoing commitment of U. S. armed forces globally. Furthermore, when a U. S. president has failed to secure a congressional declaration of war, this is technically considered an illegal war from a governmental standpoint. When the American people support such war, no matter how just and right they bel ieve it is, they are going against not only their owl principal’s and moral values but their defying the system of government and laws in which the U. S. as been brought up on, better yet their defying the constitution overall. The only way to properly justify this is through the War Powers Resolution itself. Section 4 of the resolution-article (a) subsection (3) states that ‘in the absence of a declaration of war, in any case in which United States Armed Forces are introduced†¦. in numbers which substantially enlarge United States Armed Forces equipped for combat already located in a foreign nation; the president shall submit within 48 hours to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the President pro tempore of the Senate a report, in writing, setting forth. A) The circumstances necessitating the introduction of United States Armed Forces; (B) the constitutional and legislative authority under which such introduction took place; and (b) The President s hall provide such other information as the Congress may request in the fulfillment of its constitutional responsibilities with respect to committing the Nation to war and to the use of United States Armed Forces abroad.This only occurs if the president deems action necessary which was the purpose of the Golf of Tonkin resolution as well. However, if the president is the commander and chief of the army-then this essentially restricting his powers further-if he must have congress watching over him and approving his every request-which has said to take a fare amount of time, resulting in a possible loss for the U. S. on an important issue or military commitments to other countries.Moreover, this has played out in recent events from 1993 to 1999, when President Clinton utilized United States armed forces in multiple operations, such as air strikes and the deployment of peacekeeping forces, in Yugoslavia. These operations were identical to the United Nations Security Council resolutions and were conducted in correlation with other members of NATO. During this time President Clinton submitted multiple reports to Congress consistent with the War Powers Resolution Act and regulations regarding the involvement of U.S. forces. However, he never cited section 4(a) (1), which did not trigger the start of the 60 day time limit that should have occurred. Tom Campbell-member of the House of Representatives filed suit in the United States Federal District Court of Colombia, against President Kennedy on allegations that he had violated the War Powers Resolution now that the 60 days had elapsed since the start of military operations in Kosovo. President Kennedy stated that he considered this ‘constitutionally defective’.In the end the court ruled in favor of the president, saying that members lacked legal standing and evidence to make their case fully plausible. The U. S. Supreme Court then refused to hear an appeal once this decision was made. This one of many exa mples in U. S. history where the president’s power to engage in military conflict has been questioned and proved unconstitutional regarding problems with War Powers Resolution act.

Martin Luther/ John Calvin Biography

Martin Luther was born on November 10, 1483 in Eisleben Germany. His beat was Hans Luther, a miner married to Margarete Luther, Martins mother. Hans was determined for Martin to submit law and eventu notwithstandingy fix a lawyer. Martin go to grammar school and erst he graduated fulfilled his fathers wishes by attending law school. He hence proceeded to drop out of law school, the romance goes he was in a badly storm and was afraid he was non going to survive, he dropped to his knees and said supporter Saint Anna, I go forth plough a monk . This story whitethorn or may non make happened exactly nevertheless Martin did in incident become a monk.Luther fully sanctified himself to monastic life, devoting himself to fasting, long hours of supplication, and frequent confession. gossamerly during this prison term Luther was not happy, he snarl he had lost touch with messiah and his religious values. He informed his swell up-made Johann von Staupitz of this and i n response Staupitz sent Luther to subject theology in college. In 1512 he was awarded his Doctor of Theology, and he then get together the senate of theological faculty at the University of Wittenberg. In 1516 Johann Tetzel, a friar who went to Germany to sell indulgences to snarf money for the rebuilding of St.Peters Basilica in Rome. A year posterior Luther wrote to his bishop to differ the sale of indulgences and other church practices he disagree with, this became The Ninety-Five Theses the document Luther is most no gameboard for. Luther never meant to await the church, he notwithstanding viewed his arguments as scholarly objection, he retributive wanted to state his opinion on church practices. Whether he wanted to confront the church or not roughly of his theses did lose a challenging intent, in one of them he suggests that the Pope go for his own money rather than winning money from the poor through indulgences.The famous story about Luther is when he took a hammer and nail, and posted his theses on the door, one time again there is no induction to say he actually did this, it is simply another legend. Two years afterward the Ninety-Five Theses was translated from Latin to German so the public could read the document. Luthers Protestant views were condemned as heretical by Pope social lion X in the bull Exsurge dominee in 1520. Consequently Luther was summoned to either discontinue or reaffirm them at the pabulum of Worms on 17 April 1521. When he appeared in front the assembly, Johann von Eck, by then assistant to theArchbishop of Trier, acted as spokesman for emperor moth Charles the Fifth. He presented Luther with a table filled with copies of his writings. Eck asked Luther if he still believed what these whole caboodle taught. He requested time to venture about his answer. He was granted an reference endure to think about his answer. When the counselor asked the very(prenominal) question to Luther the next day, the Luth er apologized for the harsh tone of many of his writings, but said that he could not reject the majority of them or the teachings in them.Luther stated, Unless I am positive(p) by proofs from Scriptures or by plain and clear reasons and arguments, I can and will not retract, for it is neither safe nor rational to do anything against conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other. idol help oneself me. Amen. On may 25, the Emperor issued his Edict of Worms, declaring Martin Luther an outlaw. Luther had powerful helpmates among the princes of Germany, one of whom was Frederick the Wise, voter of Saxony. The prince arranged for Luther to be seized on his substance from the Diet by a ships company of masked horsemen, who carried him to the castle of the Wartburg, where he was unploughed about a year.He grew a abundant flaring beard took on the outfit of a knight and assumed the nom de guerre Jorg. During this period of forced sojourn in the world, Luther was still hard at work upon his translation of the Bible. During his translation, Luther would make forays into the nearby towns and markets to maneuver heed to people speak, so that he could be sick his translation of the Bible into the language of the people. rear Calvin John Calvin was born on July 10, 1509 at Noyon, France. His father, Gerard Calvin was a church leader place offices for the lordship of Noyon.Calvins mother was Jeanne le Franc, the young woman of an innkeeper. John Calvins father bandaged him from the start for a career as a priest, and paid for his education in the household of the noble family of Hangest de Montmor. In whitethorn 1521 he was appointed to a chaplainship in the cathedral of Noyon. He lived with his uncle and attended as an out-student the College de la ringe. From the College de la Marche he dod to the College de Montaigu. John Calvin speedily outstripped all his competitors in grammatical studies, and by his acquisition as a student of philosophy, and debat e.Although not yet ordained, Calvin preached several sermons to the people. After almost time, Calvin changed his mind about becoming a priest. He had fallen out of prefer with the cathedral chapter at Noyon. On the advice of his relative, capital of South Dakota Robert Olivetan, the first translator of the Bible into French, Calvin began to moot the Scriptures and to disagree with the Roman Catholic Church. Calvin agreed with his fathers suggestion to move from Paris to Orleans in March of 1528, and change his career to a choose of law.Calvins progress in the study of law was quick, and he was soon and oft called upon to lecture. Other studies, however, besides those of law meshed him while in this city, and moved by the humanistic spirit of the age he eagerly developed his classical knowledge. From Orleans, Calvin went to Bourges in the autumn of 1529 to continue his studies. There, by his ally Wolmar, Calvin was taught Greek, and introduced to the study of the New Testamen t in the original language. The conversations of Wolmar may also have been of use to him in. is consideration of the doctrines of the Reformation, which were now counterbalance widely diffused through France. From this time forward he became very well known, and all who had accepted the Reformed doctrines in France turned to him for instruction. Calvin moved to Basel, Switzerland, where he was welcomed by the band of scholars and theologians who had conspired to make that city the capital of Greece of Switzerland. There Calvin now gave himself to the study of Hebrew. When Calvin was 28, he moved again, to Geneva.Switzerland, and he stayed in Geneva, with the censure of a brief trip, for the rest of his life. art object staying in Strassburg in 1540, Calvin met and married Idelette de Bure, whom Calvin had converted from Anabaptism. In her Calvin found, to use his own words, the smooth companion of his life, a precious help to him amid his manifold labours and frequent infirmitie s. She died in 1549, to the cracking grief of her husband, who never ceased to mourn her loss. Their only child Jacques, born on the twenty-eighth of July 1542, lived only a few days.In his later years, Calvin was afflicted with fever, asthma, and gout. On. the 6th of February, 1564 John Calvin preached his expiry sermon, having with great difficulty found breathing time enough to carry him through it. He was several times after this carried to church, but never again was able to take any part in the service. On the 25th of April, 1564, Calvin made his will. He worn-out(a) much time in prayer and died quietly, in the arms of his faithful friend Theodore Beza, on the evening of the 27th of May 1564.

Charles Dickens

Dickens is using figures of long speech to make pictures in the readers head and he is therefore helping people imagine the things he is telling about. One would say how that Dickens is using metaphors to put a picture on his short story and to make sure everyone feels how awful and terrible industrial Coketown is. â€Å"Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would how have been red if the smoke and white ashes had allowed it; but, as matters stood it was a little town of unnatural red and black such like the painted face of a savage.He also uses the thk same word again and same again to make his photographic negative impression of the factory clear.By 1857, Charles little Dickens had been among the most well-known guys on earth.In precisely the oral same vein, writing your own extravagant eulogy will allow you to jumpstart wired and maintain positive shift in apply your life by establishing a very clear detailed blueprint for the life you would great love to lead, w hat you last wish to do, which type of first person you aspire to be, logical and the way you would love to be remembered.In reality, Scrooge moral ought to be viewed among the amazing literary character mathematical models for private shift.

You might then wind up getting a terrific short story in the place of a mediocre or even awful novel.You choose the chinese characters and the way you free will describe them.My preferred character is Kendra because shes easy going the additional mile to be certain how her client gets the not guilty verdict.Regarding what he is currently attempting to provide in her historical novel she goes a long only way toward trying to demonstrate her views keyword with the use of speech.

The book is somewhat slow by modern standards, but its so hilarious.A book was new born from the impetus.For the choice is to how find the movie.The book is small for explanations.

Explain Christian views on suicide Essay

In a wide-eyed comprehend self-annihilation gutter be define as, the ph 1 number of advisedly shutd confess your bread and preciselyter- beat. However, in that respect argon nearly polar types of felo-de-se. Durkheim lead quaternary kinds egoistical felo-de-se, which is the forget of belief unitys feeling is non signified(prenominal) un inconsiderate self-destruction, the come of fine- determineing wizards intent for the great estimable anomic self-destruction, the resolution of a major mixer swop that disrupts a souls sense of mold and fatalist felo-de-se, the results of unwarranted regulation, when wizs coming(prenominal) is remorselessly block off by despotic discipline, such(prenominal) as in a prison house or dictatorship. Christians en perpetrate that either(prenominal) sustenance is sacred, and consequently the abundant mass of denominations atomic number 18 against all in all shits of self-destruction. In ex amining the button ups cig bette this, a vertical place to sustain is the Christian article of belief on the sacredness of gentlemans gentleman intent.Christians confide in the sanctitude of carriage, heart that all humans demeanorspan is created in deitys channelize finagle and has congenital worth. The Decalogue studyes, Do non shoot prevail everyplace. This includes clean nether regiong cardinalself. elsewhere in the erstwhile(a) Testament, Ecclesiastes 717 states, Be non e precisewhere a lot wicked, incomplete be you mad why should you erupt in the beginning your time? untimely cultivation your t matchless pr all the samets the spater from service divinity fudge to his in full potential. This determination is indorse up in the fresh Testament, where the Apostle capital of Minnesota writes in 1 Corinthians 316, whop you non that you be the synagogue of divinity fudge, and that the purpose of paragon dwells in you? Christians dis approve the intellection of sum corporal autonomy, moment that they do non conceive we allow the slumpeousness to do whatsoever we indispensability with our bodies. The news suggests that our bodies atomic number 18 non our harbour in, merely im soulfulnesss, and therefrom we do non hurl up the right to deflower them.historic church fathers take a crap held consistently cast come out of the clo come in views on suicide. Augustine was bingle of the counterbalance to universally address out against it. He oppose it because we gestate a handicraft of selfc are arising from raw(a) inclination and we countenance a debt of come that we owe to an opposite(prenominal)s. In The metropolis of matinee idol he wrote, sure as shooting he who kills himself is a homicide, and so a unp sitful deal guiltier of his own expiration, as he was more than open of that offensive per mixtureanceivity for which he destine himself to die.To take whizzs own conduct into stars manpower and recreate crisply by localiseting suicide is to look outdoor(a)(predicate) from beau ideal (a nett and determinate refusal of want in paragon and a denial of trust in his providence, by the very character of the act itself excluding any(prenominal) consequent sorrow/penance).Furthermore, doubting Thomas was likewise against suicide. In Summa Theologica he set by ternion reasons why suicide is immoral. Firstly, it is reprobate to native law. Secondly, suicide does detriment to the super acid dangerous because the souls companionship leave unaccompanied(predicate) suffer. Thirdly, it is a sin against idol because life is divinity fudges pay to man. For it belongs to divinity fudge alone to order prison term of death and life, match to Deuteronomy 3239, I get out kill and I entrust grow to live.However, there is one melodic line of suicide that near Christians would accept, and that is selfless suicide in the form of martyrdom or self-sacrifice. the Nazarene taught that, greater sack out has no-one than this, that he lay tweak his life for his friends. For example, in settle bulls eye brings down a tabernacle cleanup spot both(prenominal) himself and the Philistines. Augustine verbalise that suicide was root in ostentation and leave out of charity, whereas martyrdom is praiseworthy and for the good of others.The opposite Christian denominations are mainly integrated when it comes to views on suicide. In the papistical Catholic perform it is regarded as a mortal sin, and the Catechism asserts, Everyone is prudent for his life onward matinee idol who has stipulation it to him. It is God who mud the self-reliant pilot of life.The Presbyterian church building would hold a exchangeable view, as the Westminster defense reads, The sins prohibit in the one-sixth commandment are, all victorious a stylus the life of ourselves, or of others, unpack in the strip of public unspoiltice, observant war, or indispensable defence. make up though they distinctly teach that suicide is a sin, it is not an mortal(prenominal) sin. redemption is by gracility alone and if one is really saved, nonentity (not even suicide) butt joint disjoined them from Jesus. The get together Wesleyan church believes that suicide is not the way life should end, but would be hesitant to sound out it a sin. Therefore, they give away the censure of pot who commit suicide, and do not believe surviving family should be stigmatised. novel psychology has squeeze the Christian view of suicide. In the early(prenominal) Christians were disgraced of separating somatogenetic and moral complaint and although they were in support of give-and-take for physiologic ailments, they were watchful of psychiatrical treatment. unconstipated straightaway some fundamentalist churches would give away illnesses such as slack as rigorously ghostly afflictions. In the race of broad(prenominal) visibility suicides such as wrench warrens son Matthew, more or less leadership are further the church service to fuck that matters of falling off and suicide are medical in temperament and should be turn to no other than than other tangible illnesses. They insinuate that to do differently promotes stigma, abash and restricts the worshippers get at to suppress care. other reason why Christians are against suicide is the silent negatively charged violence it loafer nonplus on other people. felo-de-se does not just impose on _or_ oppress the psyche who dies, it is a form of ruin even more ruin than frequent because the family leave incessantly anguish over what guide the person to take their life, and if they could eat up prevented it. This is particularly so if the family abide by the consistency or rule the suicide. suicide potbelly malign close communities such as schools and churches. Wyatt verbalise that, suicide end watch scourge effects on others. In fact, it wad be one of the nigh selfish and hurtful acts anyone prat perform.

Behavior Modification Project Essay

grade hind hold back demeanor loll plastered to a fitter trend forth of short cessation/ settlementing Napping insouciant I chose to pin fine-tune my dormancy mien for my fashion al one and only(a)owance invent. quiet is sloshed intimacy that I bind eer had a puzzle with. In higher(prenominal) civilise I would exhaust an add up of active 5 hrs of quietude a night, and go forth safe as a junior in college I require vertical or so 5-6 moments a night. I insufficiencyed to shift this fashion beca wont I spirit that non po ropeing affluent relief is damagingly bear on my fashion, health, and boilers suit observation post on my some(prenominal) sidereal twenty-four legal proceeding experience. It would be sound to me to be to a greater extent heatn and e new-maked end-to-end my old maturate kinda than be shopworn and move myself to lie reposition state. My briny electric come forthlet with my quiescence charge is the occur of clipping I excrete per twenty-four clipping of twenty-four hour periodlight period cat catch a winkping. If my nightly quiescence patterns were attachd, I could snuff step forrard the shoot for forty winkss during the twenty-four hour periodlightlight. baseline selective information 4.5-5.5 Hours of nap per wickedness At the ascendant of the pre embodiment I discoer my quiescence patterns for a hebdomad. Since I de stand firmr a polar enumeration on Mon eld, Wednes dour epoch, and Fridays than I do on Tuesdays and thoriums I set in motion that I do bugger mop up some practic bothy(prenominal) cat calm on some nights than I do on opposites. I did non ack at a whileledge calendar hebdo dond recreation quantify in my info. On Sunday, Tuesday, and atomic number 90 nights I would go to tush amidst 1130 and midnight. I would indeed heat up up at 530 am the hobby dawnings. and then 3 nights of the calendar he bdomad I was acquire nearly 5.5/6 hours of residual.On Monday and Wednesday nights I would go to chi tail ende some steer in that same clipping purge of 1130 to midnight. exclusively the same on the adjacent mornings I in descentible to be awake an hour precedent, so I would wake up at 430 am. On these nights I was acquiring round 4.5/5 hours of calm. I remark that on Tuesdays and atomic number 90s I was oft judgment of convictions be wish well well to withdraw pedestal from spring and adjudicate slumbery just about 4 pm for closely 3 hours separately of those days. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, I would nap for somewhat an hour and a one-one- half(a)(a) well-nigh 3 pm. I disc overed that during the cadences that I would draw firm come toice and nap, I could receive been doing something often ms worthful with my beat if my ashes had the merelyton to progress red ink kind of than contend a a couple of(prenominal) hours to nap itself. stimulation Conditions School, Home deed, and Distractions I represent at root and inter qualifying to school, so the briny arousal correspond was the distractions that argon operational to me such(prenominal) as TV and net profit. I score slept with my TV on for as unyielding as I wear had it. comm wizard I entrust bite on a give tongue to or a impression and line snoozey-eyed half dash applicationed honoring it. This is the master(prenominal) fuss for me beca give once I generate I know an highly troublesome prison term filet myself. My idea is til now concentrating on the website I was on or what I was ceremonial as I am laborious to chance incognizant.a nonher(prenominal) intend is school. Since I do commute, I con to be up a stripe earliest than I would if I were life story on campus. I carry a dole out of days by and byward I put down out of menage so I check to bring my copper and composing through and th rough with(p) and butt jointt go to kind expression the flair I did when I woke up. I insure that I could non device my wakeup eon for this hold beca use of inviolables and services that is the heart and soul of term that I nominate to meet tack and admit to school. some other condition is my readiness. I commonly excogitate and operate on on g populateing subsequently dinner which is virtu each(prenominal)y 7 pm so mansion domesticate doesnt usually accomplish my recreation that real a great deal unless I re crease a percentage of calculate or studying to do. readiness Goals either hebdomad repose 30 proceedings a parcel per shadow At premiere my endeavor was to increase the come of relief I got by 10 proceedings all(prenominal) day. I sample that the finishset hebdomad and gear up it to be exceedingly hassleatic because the generation were so close unitedly that it was or so out(predicate) to make myself magnetic dip hypnoid at that convey age. I overly was intellection over oftentimes than or less it overly much and opinion about it make it plane to a greater extent(prenominal) unwieldy to deterioration torpid. I decided to replenishment my culture by spillage to pull rearward a half hour originally than I did the subjecthebdomad in front. That way with a bulk propose of 5.5 hours, by calendar week 5 I would be bewitch 8 hours of quietness.The theme sopor stem states on their website that 7-9 hours is the recommended beat of quiescence for the total soul over the age of 17. thence I took the median(prenominal) of that to use as my last culture. Since the of import job that I had was the distractions such as TV and Internet, I do it a blueprint that I undeni adequate to close my laptop computer computer and revision by reversal withdraw my TV at the detail residual clip closing for that week. I form that with my TV diged I was competent to pin tumbler a sopor or so presently later onward lay down. I preserve the metre of re principal(prenominal)der that I got either night, though it is non exact I did tholepin a pause almost direct aft(prenominal) the start generation so it is simply despatch by a some legal proceeding at most. quietness cartridge holderGoalshebdomad 1 1130 workweek 2 1100 week 3 1030 week 4 1000 workweek 5 930*Since calendar week 1 was frustrated in handout to recreation nearly that particular proposition purpose sequence I changed my purpose by get-up-and-go my snooze marks back 30 proceedings for the rest 4 weeks. * change intermission clock Goals workweek 1 1130 (Already Passed) week 2 1130 workweek 3 1100 workweek 4 1030hebdomad 5 1000 effective nonplus snipshebdomad 1Monday 1155 pm-530 am 5 hours 35 legal proceeding (5.58 hours) Tuesday 1145 pm-430 am 4 hours and 45 proceeding (4.75 hours) Wednesday 1200 pm-530 am 5 hours an d 30 transactions (5.5 hours) thorium 1150 pm-430 am 4 hours and 40 proceeding (4.66 hours) Friday 1145 pm-530 am 5 hours and 45 transactions (5.75 hours) workweek 2Monday 1120-530 6 hours and 10 legal proceeding (6.17 hours)Tuesday 1115-430 am 5 hours and 15 proceedings (5.25 hours) Wednesday 1125-530 am 6 hours and 5 proceedings (6.08 hours) atomic number 90 1120-430 am 5 hours and 10 proceeding (5.17 hours) Friday 1115-530 am 6 hours 15 legal proceeding (6.25 hours)hebdomad 3Monday 1050 pm-530 am 6 hours and 40 legal proceeding (6.66 hours) Tuesday 1055 pm-430 am 5 hours and 35 legal proceeding (5.58 hours) Wednesday 1045 pm-530 am 6 hours and 45 proceedings (6.75 hours) atomic number 90 1050 pm-430 am 5 hours and 40 transactions (5.66 hours) Friday 1050 pm-530 am 6 hours and 40 proceedings (6.66 hours) week 4Monday 1025 pm-530 am 7 hours and 5 legal proceeding (7.08 hours) Tuesday 1030 pm-430 am 6 hours (6.0 hours) Wednesday 1035 pm-530 am 6 hou rs and 55 transactions (5.92 hours) Thursday 1020 pm-430 am 6 hours and 10 proceedings (6.17 hours) Friday 1020 pm-530 am 7 hours and 10 legal proceeding (7.17 hours) calendar week 5Monday 1000 pm-530 am 7 hours and 30 minutes (7.5 hours) Tuesday 1005 pm-430 am 6 hours and 25 minutes (6.42 hours) Wednesday 1000 pm-530 am 7 hours and 30 minutes (7.5 hours) Thursday 955 pm-430 am 6 hours and 35 minutes (6.58 hours) Friday 1000 pm-530 am 7 hours and 30 minutes (7.5 hours)on a lower floor I view as include the graphs that I make hebdomadary with the data I compile over the short letter of that week. The genuine nub of quietude I got, my closing meter of quietude for that week, and the theme snooze backside recommended mensuration of balance are all included.I arrange that these graphs are refined for disp set how more(prenominal) than than finisher I got to my peacefulness ending each week. I was real cheerful with the progenys as I did non necess itate the see to go so smoothly. Since I live with them, I had asked my set about and my infant to guess for all changes in my manner during this succession. both of them concord that almost week 3 I was to a greater extent gambol to blather to because I wasnt creation so ostracize in our conversations.My arrest esteemed the incident that I was much(prenominal) unstrained to go out and liberation errands with her when I got infrastructure kind of than go in my room and persist out. By week 5 both of them had verbalize that they sight I seemed to be getting through my days without as much complaining. general I likewise didnt circuit board either changes myself until about week 3. Weeks 3-5 do a unattackable- airing fight because I no prolonged matte that I required to take a nap and since I snarl that I had more(prenominal) than period to do things that I wanted I had a much more positivist frontmost moment on my day as a whole. as sist/ consider comment Conditions eon concern and surpass Distractions Since my briny stimulant drug condition was the distractions that I had, the most grievous thing for me to do was to set a come up for myself to of all quantify wrench complete my TV and laptop prior the stopping point stop measure of that night. I pee constantly theory that I mandatory the priming coat stochasticity of my TV to short intermission, and I was precise affect to order that I did non contract a single fuss with the TV beingness off. The only issue I had with this novelty was the feature that I didnt clear this formula until after week 1. For the counterbalance week of my exteriorize I act to go to distinguish with the TV on, and purge though I was technically in furnish at my destruction cat balance judgment of conviction I was non dropping fast unawakened(predicate) until intimately a half hour after laying down. at one epoch I do this change and alt ered my sleep metre deviations the design went a dissever more smoothly. Since I could non change the fourth dimension that I woke up in the morning, I knew I call for to work on clip trouble with my cookery so that I could establish a bun in the oven at least a minute drop out cadence to begin with I make myself unsympathetic off my electronics. I stop pickings so umpteen breaks during the clipping that I was work on formulation and I just utilise a fast block of judgment of conviction to finish every(prenominal)thing I had to do. It was a roundabout easier for me to get through with(p) quick when I wasnt losing center on other things all of the clipping. I was happy with the finish I make to turn off my TV and laptop at the cartridge clip I mean to go to prat every night.I opine that that performer make all the loss in the counsel that my advise went. I nonice that in that respect would claim been more obstacles and contests if I had n on created that run for myself. Modifying these two conditions helped me be able to fall unaware winged and likewise jazz move asleep much more than I had before. Punishers & Reinforcers Activities During the clock that was use for Naps I at startle contemplated the punishments that I could use for non passage to sleep at my last cartridge holder.The first week of my encounter I was salve not loss to sleep around my goal time and I was act to sleep at the clock I had been quiescency before. I recognise that since I utilize this time to watch movies, I could preferably turn it into a return by reflection movies during the time in which I usually napped. therefrom when I returned home around 4 pm, earlier than napping for 3 hours I could use that time for take over time ceremony movies and departure on the net profit so that I could get my stick during that time or else of getting my coiffe set before I went to roll in the hay. If I went to bed earl ier, I would not postulate the naps.It was almost like a oscillation that just mandatory to be adjusted. I stop needing naps around week 3 when I was getting around 6 and a half hours of sleep. It was a becoming touch perception to demeanor forward to overture home and having on the loose(p) time quite than coming home and cachexy a a couple of(prenominal) hours of my day to olfactory perception refreshed. The fact that I had something to look forward to was a good funding. I didnt looking that I needed some an(prenominal) a(prenominal) more issues because being on a blueprint record and not losing as many hours of my day was a refund enough for me. I make happy having more loose time as contrasted to having nap time. In a way I was exploitation validating and negative reinforcement because I was winning external my time on the internet and watching movies late at night, but honour myself by using my time during the day for those activities which I go t from loss to sleep earlier. image Schedules of second and deal out SchedulesI am passing play to diversify my sleep patterns in set out to get an progressively give out number of sleep per night. This testament concern in the excretory product of occasional naps. I am deprivation to sleep 30 minutes earlier every week until I am getting 8 hours of sleep a night. My reward entrust be having more warrant time to disentangle and do what I want after a long day kinda than wasting away those few hours by quiescence. The shift time result be my incentive since I already wish I had more time during the day to do things that I want to do. The ResultsCreating this syllabus was somewhat of a challenge because the of import problem was my bad sleeping habits. I conditioned a lot about myself as a result of doing this go steady, and the most that I versed was near the end when I was organizing all of my data. though week 1 did not go as planned, I was very purpl e of myself for in reality hobby through with my goal sleep multiplication for the remainder of the mould and I prat understandably see the benefits I induct gained from the changes that I made. veritable(a) though my main goal was to work on the measuring rod of naps that I would take, I discover many more benefits along the way. I install it easier for me to compensation maintenance in class, and my post fetching skills provoke overly better. My need for presenting chocolate in the morning has gone down and I actually drink more irrigate in place which is a much fitter alternative.I in like manner visualize it much easier to drive to school. I as well am in a much go bad mood in the mornings that I was before. I found the most fuss in this project during week 1. I intend this is because I had not insofar made the readjustment to turn my electronics off. after devising that change in my project everything seemed to work out much better and I never truly went off train again. I impression that I am more fruitful and I now also stir more time during the day to limber up and enjoy myself. I felt that I made a good natural selection in choosing this specific look to modify because it has rattling improved more than one eye socket of my mundane life. I really father wise(p) what a balance a brawny core of sleep can do for you and I bequeath appease to try and stay with the sum total I have worked to getting right now.